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Pescennius Niger
Pescennius Niger ((ラテン語:Gaius Pescennius Niger Augustus);〔In Classical Latin, Niger's name would be inscribed as GAIVS PESCENNIVS NIGER AVGVSTVS.〕 c. 135/140 – 194) was Roman Emperor from 193 to 194 during the Year of the Five Emperors. He claimed the imperial throne in response to the murder of Pertinax and the elevation of Didius Julianus, but was defeated by a rival claimant, Septimius Severus, and killed while attempting to flee from Antioch.
==Early career==
Although Niger was born into an old Italian equestrian family, around the year 135,〔Potter, pg. 101; Meckler, ''Pescennius Niger'', Cassius Dio, 75:6:1〕 he was the first member of his family to achieve the rank of Roman senator.〔Potter, pg. 101〕 Not much is known of his early career; it is possible that he held an administrative position in Egypt, and that he served in a military campaign in Dacia early in Commodus’ reign.〔Meckler, ''Pescennius Niger''〕 During the late 180s, Niger was elected as a Suffect consul, after which Commodus made him imperial legate of Syria in 191.〔Meckler, ''Pescennius Niger''; Southern, pg. 28; Canduci, pg. 51〕
He was still serving in Syria when news came through firstly of the murder of Pertinax, followed by the auctioning off of the imperial title to Didius Julianus.〔Bowman, pg. 2; Meckler, ''Pescennius Niger''〕 Niger was a well regarded public figure in Rome〔 and soon a popular demonstration against Didius Julianus broke out, during which the citizens called out for Niger to come to Rome and claim the imperial title for himself.〔Meckler, ''Pescennius Niger''; Potter, pg. 101; Bowman, pg. 2〕 As a consequence, it is alleged that Julianus dispatched a centurion to the east with orders to assassinate Niger at Antioch.〔Potter, pg. 99〕
The result of the unrest in Rome saw Niger proclaimed Emperor by the eastern legions by the end of April 193.〔Southern, pg. 28; Bowman, pg. 2〕 On his accession, Niger took the additional cognomen ''Justus'', or "the Just".〔 Although imperial propaganda issued on behalf of Septimius Severus later claimed that Niger was the first to rebel against Didius Julianus,〔Potter, pg. 99〕 it was Severus who beat Niger to it, claiming the imperial title on April 9.〔 Although Niger sent envoys to Rome to announce his elevation to the imperial throne, his messengers were intercepted by Severus.〔 As Niger began bolstering his support in the eastern provinces, Severus marched on Rome which he entered in early June 193 after Julianus had been murdered.〔Bowman, pg. 4; Meckler, ''Pescennius Niger''〕
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